TRADE POLICY OF BELARUS: HISTORICAL AND INTEGRATION FACTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14308/ite000356Keywords:
trade policy, economic integration, trade specialization, CIS countriesAbstract
The article describes basic factors influencing trade policy of Belarus. The factors include Belarus post-soviet specialization and its re-integration strategy with other CIS countries. The article discusses several possible ways of the trade policy development for the small open economy.
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References
<uk>
1. Zhou, Z. (2008). Synchronizing Export Orientation with Import Substitution: Creating Competitive Indigenous High-Tech Companies in China. World Development Vol. 36, No. 11, pp. 2353–2370.
2. Tiitsa M., Kattela R., Kalveta T., Tamm D. Catching up, forging ahead or falling behind? Central and Eastern European development in 1990-2005. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 21, No. 1, March 2008, 65-85
3. Maa, T.-C. 2009 Development Strategy and Export-Led Growth: Lessons Learned from Taiwan's Experience. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 45, No. 7, 1150–1164
4. Pham C., Martin W. (2007). Extensive and Intensive Margin Growth and Developing Country Exports. World Bank DECRG, 2007
5. McCleery, R., De Paolis, F. (2008). The Washington Consensus: A post-mortem. Journal of Asian Economics 19 438–446
6. Subasat T. (2008). Do liberal trade policies promote trade openness? International Review of Applied Economics Vol. 22, No. 1, 45–61
7. Dickens, P. (1998). Global shift: The internationalization of economic activity. New York: Guilford Press.
8. Grabowski, R. (1994). “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535–554.
9. Shepotylo O. (2009) Gravity with zeros: estimating trade potentials of CIS countries // Kyiv School of Economics, Kyiv Economics Institute, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1347997
10. Papazoglou, C., Pentecost E., Marques E. (2006) A gravity model forecast of the potential effects of EU enlargement: Lessons from 2004 and path-dependency in integration. The World Economy, 2006, 1077–1089
11. Webber, M. J., Rigby, D. L. (1996). The golden age illusion: Rethinking postwar capitalism (Vol. 1). New York: The Guilford Press.
12. Marques H.(2002) Trade Similarities between Eastern and Southern Europe: Opportunities or Competition? The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 2,199–221
13. Kalotay, K., Hunya G. (2000). Privatization and FDI in Central and Eastern Europe. Transnational Corporations, vol. 9, no. 1
14. Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the periphery: The politics of growth in the newly industrializing countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
15. Titus O. Awokuse (2008) Trade openness and economic growth: is growth export-led or import-led? Applied Economics, 40, 161–173
16. Williamson, J. (1990). What Washington means by policy reform. In J. Williamson (Ed.), Latin American adjustment: How much has happened? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
17. Meller, P (2009). From unilateral liberalization to regional free trade agreements: a Latin America perspective. Econ Change Restruct, 42, 85–103
18. Kaminski, B., Javorcik B. (2001) Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks: The Case of Poland. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2646
19. Liang, N. (1992), “Beyond Import Substitution and Export Promotion: A New Typology of Trade Strategies”, The Journal of Development Studies, 28 (3), 447–472.
20. Grabowski, R. (1994), “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535–554.
21. Subasat, T. (2009). Does Simultaneous Implementation of Import-Substitution and Export-Promotion Neutralize Each Other? The Journal of Developing Areas – Volume 43, Number 1, Fall 2009, pp. 45–63.
22. Angresano, J. (1996))"Poland After the Shock," Comparative Economic Studies Volume 38 Numbers 2/3 Summer/Fall, pp. 87–112.
23. Popov V. (2007). Shock Therapy versus Gradualism Reconsidered: Lessons from Transition Economies after 15 Years of Reforms Comparative Economic Studies. 49, 1–31.
24. Li, W. (1996). A Tale of Two Reforms. The Importance of Initial Market Conditions. Duke University: Durham, NC.
25. Tochitskaya, I. (2010). The Customs Union between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia: an overview of economic implications for Belarus. CASE, 2010. 19 p
</uk>
<en>
1. Zhou, Z. (2008). Synchronizing Export Orientation with Import Substitution: Creating Competitive Indigenous High-Tech Companies in China. World Development Vol. 36, No. 11, pp. 2353–2370.
2. Tiitsa M., Kattela R., Kalveta T., Tamm D. Catching up, forging ahead or falling behind? Central and Eastern European development in 1990-2005. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 21, No. 1, March 2008, 65-85
3. Maa, T.-C. 2009 Development Strategy and Export-Led Growth: Lessons Learned from Taiwan's Experience. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 45, No. 7, 1150–1164
4. Pham C., Martin W. (2007). Extensive and Intensive Margin Growth and Developing Country Exports. World Bank DECRG, 2007
5. McCleery, R., De Paolis, F. (2008). The Washington Consensus: A post-mortem. Journal of Asian Economics 19 438–446
6. Subasat T. (2008). Do liberal trade policies promote trade openness? International Review of Applied Economics Vol. 22, No. 1, 45–61
7. Dickens, P. (1998). Global shift: The internationalization of economic activity. New York: Guilford Press.
8. Grabowski, R. (1994). “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535-554.
9. Shepotylo O. (2009) Gravity with zeros: estimating trade potentials of CIS countries // Kyiv School of Economics, Kyiv Economics Institute, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1347997
10. Papazoglou, C., Pentecost E., Marques E. (2006) A gravity model forecast of the potential effects of EU enlargement: Lessons from 2004 and path-dependency in integration. The World Economy, 2006, 1077-1089
11. Webber, M. J., Rigby, D. L. (1996). The golden age illusion: Rethinking postwar capitalism (Vol. 1). New York: The Guilford Press.
12. Marques H.(2002) Trade Similarities between Eastern and Southern Europe: Opportunities or Competition? The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 2,199-221
13. Kalotay, K., Hunya G. (2000). Privatization and FDI in Central and Eastern Europe. Transnational Corporations, vol. 9, no. 1
14. Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the periphery: The politics of growth in the newly industrializing countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
15. Titus O. Awokuse (2008) Trade openness and economic growth: is growth export-led or import-led? Applied Economics, 40, 161–173
16. Williamson, J. (1990). What Washington means by policy reform. In J. Williamson (Ed.), Latin American adjustment: How much has happened? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
17. Meller, P (2009). From unilateral liberalization to regional free trade agreements: a Latin America perspective. Econ Change Restruct, 42, 85–103
18. Kaminski, B., Javorcik B. (2001) Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks: The Case of Poland. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2646
19. Liang, N. (1992), “Beyond Import Substitution and Export Promotion: A New Typology of Trade Strategies”, The Journal of Development Studies, 28 (3), 447-472.
20. Grabowski, R. (1994), “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535-554.
21. Subasat, T. (2009). Does Simultaneous Implementation of Import-Substitution and Export-Promotion Neutralize Each Other? The Journal of Developing Areas – Volume 43, Number 1, Fall 2009, pp. 45-63.
22. Angresano, J. (1996))"Poland After the Shock," Comparative Economic Studies Volume 38 Numbers 2/3 Summer/Fall, pp. 87-112.
23. Popov V. (2007). Shock Therapy versus Gradualism Reconsidered: Lessons from Transition Economies after 15 Years of Reforms Comparative Economic Studies. 49, 1–31.
24. Li, W. (1996). A Tale of Two Reforms. The Importance of Initial Market Conditions. Duke University: Durham, NC.
25. Tochitskaya, I. (2010). The Customs Union between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia: an overview of economic implications for Belarus. CASE, 2010. 19 p
</en>
1. Zhou, Z. (2008). Synchronizing Export Orientation with Import Substitution: Creating Competitive Indigenous High-Tech Companies in China. World Development Vol. 36, No. 11, pp. 2353–2370.
2. Tiitsa M., Kattela R., Kalveta T., Tamm D. Catching up, forging ahead or falling behind? Central and Eastern European development in 1990-2005. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 21, No. 1, March 2008, 65-85
3. Maa, T.-C. 2009 Development Strategy and Export-Led Growth: Lessons Learned from Taiwan's Experience. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 45, No. 7, 1150–1164
4. Pham C., Martin W. (2007). Extensive and Intensive Margin Growth and Developing Country Exports. World Bank DECRG, 2007
5. McCleery, R., De Paolis, F. (2008). The Washington Consensus: A post-mortem. Journal of Asian Economics 19 438–446
6. Subasat T. (2008). Do liberal trade policies promote trade openness? International Review of Applied Economics Vol. 22, No. 1, 45–61
7. Dickens, P. (1998). Global shift: The internationalization of economic activity. New York: Guilford Press.
8. Grabowski, R. (1994). “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535–554.
9. Shepotylo O. (2009) Gravity with zeros: estimating trade potentials of CIS countries // Kyiv School of Economics, Kyiv Economics Institute, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1347997
10. Papazoglou, C., Pentecost E., Marques E. (2006) A gravity model forecast of the potential effects of EU enlargement: Lessons from 2004 and path-dependency in integration. The World Economy, 2006, 1077–1089
11. Webber, M. J., Rigby, D. L. (1996). The golden age illusion: Rethinking postwar capitalism (Vol. 1). New York: The Guilford Press.
12. Marques H.(2002) Trade Similarities between Eastern and Southern Europe: Opportunities or Competition? The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 2,199–221
13. Kalotay, K., Hunya G. (2000). Privatization and FDI in Central and Eastern Europe. Transnational Corporations, vol. 9, no. 1
14. Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the periphery: The politics of growth in the newly industrializing countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
15. Titus O. Awokuse (2008) Trade openness and economic growth: is growth export-led or import-led? Applied Economics, 40, 161–173
16. Williamson, J. (1990). What Washington means by policy reform. In J. Williamson (Ed.), Latin American adjustment: How much has happened? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
17. Meller, P (2009). From unilateral liberalization to regional free trade agreements: a Latin America perspective. Econ Change Restruct, 42, 85–103
18. Kaminski, B., Javorcik B. (2001) Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks: The Case of Poland. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2646
19. Liang, N. (1992), “Beyond Import Substitution and Export Promotion: A New Typology of Trade Strategies”, The Journal of Development Studies, 28 (3), 447–472.
20. Grabowski, R. (1994), “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535–554.
21. Subasat, T. (2009). Does Simultaneous Implementation of Import-Substitution and Export-Promotion Neutralize Each Other? The Journal of Developing Areas – Volume 43, Number 1, Fall 2009, pp. 45–63.
22. Angresano, J. (1996))"Poland After the Shock," Comparative Economic Studies Volume 38 Numbers 2/3 Summer/Fall, pp. 87–112.
23. Popov V. (2007). Shock Therapy versus Gradualism Reconsidered: Lessons from Transition Economies after 15 Years of Reforms Comparative Economic Studies. 49, 1–31.
24. Li, W. (1996). A Tale of Two Reforms. The Importance of Initial Market Conditions. Duke University: Durham, NC.
25. Tochitskaya, I. (2010). The Customs Union between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia: an overview of economic implications for Belarus. CASE, 2010. 19 p
</uk>
<en>
1. Zhou, Z. (2008). Synchronizing Export Orientation with Import Substitution: Creating Competitive Indigenous High-Tech Companies in China. World Development Vol. 36, No. 11, pp. 2353–2370.
2. Tiitsa M., Kattela R., Kalveta T., Tamm D. Catching up, forging ahead or falling behind? Central and Eastern European development in 1990-2005. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Vol. 21, No. 1, March 2008, 65-85
3. Maa, T.-C. 2009 Development Strategy and Export-Led Growth: Lessons Learned from Taiwan's Experience. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 45, No. 7, 1150–1164
4. Pham C., Martin W. (2007). Extensive and Intensive Margin Growth and Developing Country Exports. World Bank DECRG, 2007
5. McCleery, R., De Paolis, F. (2008). The Washington Consensus: A post-mortem. Journal of Asian Economics 19 438–446
6. Subasat T. (2008). Do liberal trade policies promote trade openness? International Review of Applied Economics Vol. 22, No. 1, 45–61
7. Dickens, P. (1998). Global shift: The internationalization of economic activity. New York: Guilford Press.
8. Grabowski, R. (1994). “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535-554.
9. Shepotylo O. (2009) Gravity with zeros: estimating trade potentials of CIS countries // Kyiv School of Economics, Kyiv Economics Institute, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1347997
10. Papazoglou, C., Pentecost E., Marques E. (2006) A gravity model forecast of the potential effects of EU enlargement: Lessons from 2004 and path-dependency in integration. The World Economy, 2006, 1077-1089
11. Webber, M. J., Rigby, D. L. (1996). The golden age illusion: Rethinking postwar capitalism (Vol. 1). New York: The Guilford Press.
12. Marques H.(2002) Trade Similarities between Eastern and Southern Europe: Opportunities or Competition? The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, 2,199-221
13. Kalotay, K., Hunya G. (2000). Privatization and FDI in Central and Eastern Europe. Transnational Corporations, vol. 9, no. 1
14. Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the periphery: The politics of growth in the newly industrializing countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
15. Titus O. Awokuse (2008) Trade openness and economic growth: is growth export-led or import-led? Applied Economics, 40, 161–173
16. Williamson, J. (1990). What Washington means by policy reform. In J. Williamson (Ed.), Latin American adjustment: How much has happened? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
17. Meller, P (2009). From unilateral liberalization to regional free trade agreements: a Latin America perspective. Econ Change Restruct, 42, 85–103
18. Kaminski, B., Javorcik B. (2001) Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks: The Case of Poland. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2646
19. Liang, N. (1992), “Beyond Import Substitution and Export Promotion: A New Typology of Trade Strategies”, The Journal of Development Studies, 28 (3), 447-472.
20. Grabowski, R. (1994), “Import Substitution, Export Promotion, and the State in Economic Development”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 28 (4), 535-554.
21. Subasat, T. (2009). Does Simultaneous Implementation of Import-Substitution and Export-Promotion Neutralize Each Other? The Journal of Developing Areas – Volume 43, Number 1, Fall 2009, pp. 45-63.
22. Angresano, J. (1996))"Poland After the Shock," Comparative Economic Studies Volume 38 Numbers 2/3 Summer/Fall, pp. 87-112.
23. Popov V. (2007). Shock Therapy versus Gradualism Reconsidered: Lessons from Transition Economies after 15 Years of Reforms Comparative Economic Studies. 49, 1–31.
24. Li, W. (1996). A Tale of Two Reforms. The Importance of Initial Market Conditions. Duke University: Durham, NC.
25. Tochitskaya, I. (2010). The Customs Union between Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia: an overview of economic implications for Belarus. CASE, 2010. 19 p
</en>
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Published
28.06.2012
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Mazol, S. (2012). TRADE POLICY OF BELARUS: HISTORICAL AND INTEGRATION FACTORS. Journal of Information Technologies in Education (ITE), (13), 133–138. https://doi.org/10.14308/ite000356
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